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9-10th Class Competitive Exam

Major agencies of United nation in easy way

Daniya Daniya 0

Major Agencies of the United Nations (UN)

The United Nations was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II to maintain international peace and security, promote cooperation, and improve living standards worldwide. It has six principal organs and several specialized agencies.

I. Six Principal Organs of the United Nations

1. United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

Meaning:

The General Assembly is the main deliberative body of the UN.

Composition:

  • All 193 member countries
  • Each country has one vote

Functions:

  • Discusses global issues like peace, climate change, poverty, and human rights
  • Approves the UN budget
  • Elects non-permanent members of the Security Council
  • Appoints the Secretary-General (on recommendation of the Security Council)

Importance:

It represents the world parliament of nations where all countries are equal.

2. United Nations Security Council (UNSC)

Meaning:

The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.

Composition:

  • 15 members
    • 5 Permanent Members (P5):
      • United States
      • United Kingdom
      • France
      • Russia
      • China
    • 10 Non-permanent members (elected for 2 years)

Special Feature:

  • Permanent members have Veto Power.

Functions:

  • Imposes sanctions
  • Sends peacekeeping forces
  • Authorizes military action
  • Investigates threats to peace

Importance:

It is the most powerful organ of the UN.

3. United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

Meaning:

Coordinates economic and social work of the UN.

Composition:

  • 54 members elected for 3 years.

Functions:

  • Promotes education, health, employment
  • Coordinates specialized agencies like WHO, UNESCO, etc.
  • Works for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

4. International Court of Justice (ICJ)

Location:

  • The Hague, Netherlands

Meaning:

The ICJ is the judicial organ of the UN.

Composition:

  • 15 judges elected for 9 years.

Functions:

  • Settles legal disputes between countries
  • Gives advisory opinions

Importance:

Ensures peaceful settlement of disputes according to international law.

5. United Nations Secretariat

Meaning:

Administrative body of the UN.

Head:

  • Secretary-General (current office holder changes over time)

Functions:

  • Implements UN decisions
  • Prepares reports
  • Organizes conferences

6. United Nations Trusteeship Council

Purpose:

  • Supervised trust territories after World War II.

Present Status:

  • Suspended operations in 1994 after the independence of Palau.

II. Major Specialized Agencies of the United Nations

These agencies work independently but are connected to the UN through agreements.

1. World Health Organization (WHO)

Established:

1948

Headquarters:

Geneva, Switzerland

Functions:

  • Controls diseases
  • Promotes global health
  • Played key role during COVID-19

2. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

Established:

1945

Headquarters:

Paris, France

Functions:

  • Promotes education
  • Protects World Heritage Sites
  • Encourages cultural cooperation

3. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

Established:

1946

Headquarters:

New York City, United States

Functions:

  • Protects children’s rights
  • Provides vaccines and nutrition
  • Works for child education

4. International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Established:

1944

Headquarters:

Washington, D.C.

Functions:

  • Provides loans to countries
  • Maintains global financial stability

5. World Bank

Established:

1944

Headquarters:

Washington, D.C.

Functions:

  • Provides financial assistance for development projects
  • Reduces poverty

6. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

Headquarters:

Rome, Italy

Functions:

  • Improves agriculture
  • Fights hunger
  • Ensures food security

7. International Labour Organization (ILO)

Established:

1919 (became UN agency in 1946)

Headquarters:

Geneva

Functions:

  • Protects workers’ rights
  • Sets international labour standards

Conclusion

The United Nations plays a vital role in maintaining world peace, promoting development, protecting human rights, and improving global cooperation.

Its principal organs maintain peace and administration, while its specialized agencies focus on health, education, finance, food security, and child welfare.

Together, they work toward building a peaceful, just, and developed world.

The establishment of the United Nations in 1945 marked a turning point in world history. After the devastating destruction of the Second World War, the international community realized that lasting peace could not be secured through military alliances or balance-of-power politics alone. Instead, nations needed a permanent international organization based on dialogue, cooperation, justice, and collective security. Thus, the United Nations was formed with the primary aim of preventing future wars, promoting peaceful relations among countries, and ensuring social and economic progress across the globe.

The structure of the United Nations reflects this broad vision. Its six principal organs—the United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Security Council, United Nations Economic and Social Council, International Court of Justice, United Nations Secretariat, and United Nations Trusteeship Council—together form a comprehensive system of global governance. Each organ performs specific functions, but all are interconnected and guided by the principles laid down in the UN Charter.

The General Assembly represents the democratic spirit of the United Nations. Every member country, regardless of size or power, has one vote. This equality gives smaller nations a voice in global matters and reflects the principle of sovereign equality. Though its resolutions are generally not legally binding, they carry strong moral and political weight. Through debates and resolutions, the General Assembly shapes global opinion and promotes cooperation on issues such as climate change, poverty, human rights, and sustainable development.

The Security Council, on the other hand, is the most powerful organ, entrusted with maintaining international peace and security. Its authority to impose sanctions, authorize peacekeeping missions, and take collective military action makes it central to global security arrangements. However, the presence of veto power among its five permanent members has often been criticized for creating inequality and political deadlock. Despite these challenges, the Security Council has played a vital role in conflict resolution and peacekeeping operations in various parts of the world.

The Economic and Social Council coordinates efforts aimed at improving living standards, promoting economic growth, and advancing social progress. It supervises numerous specialized agencies that deal with health, education, labour, finance, agriculture, and child welfare. Through these agencies, the United Nations addresses the root causes of conflict such as poverty, inequality, and lack of development. The idea behind this approach is simple yet powerful: peace cannot exist where hunger, disease, and injustice prevail.

The International Court of Justice ensures that disputes between countries are resolved through law rather than war. By interpreting international law and giving advisory opinions, it strengthens the rule of law at the global level. Even though its jurisdiction depends on the consent of states, its existence represents humanity’s commitment to justice and peaceful settlement of disputes.

The Secretariat, led by the Secretary-General, acts as the administrative backbone of the United Nations. It conducts research, prepares reports, organizes conferences, and implements decisions taken by other organs. The Secretary-General also plays an important diplomatic role by mediating conflicts and drawing global attention to pressing issues.

The Trusteeship Council, although currently inactive, historically helped supervise trust territories and guide them toward independence. Its success in completing its mission reflects the broader achievement of decolonization during the second half of the twentieth century.

In addition to its principal organs, the United Nations operates through several specialized agencies such as the World Health Organization, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, International Monetary Fund, World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Labour Organization. These agencies extend the UN’s work into specialized fields. For example, WHO combats global diseases and improves healthcare systems; UNESCO promotes education and protects cultural heritage; UNICEF safeguards the rights and welfare of children; IMF and World Bank provide financial assistance and economic stability; FAO works to eliminate hunger; and ILO protects workers’ rights worldwide.

Over the decades, the United Nations has achieved significant successes. It has contributed to decolonization, supported human rights through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, organized peacekeeping missions, provided humanitarian assistance during natural disasters, and promoted global development goals. Its role during global health crises and refugee emergencies highlights its importance as a coordinating body for international action.

However, the United Nations also faces serious challenges. Political rivalries among powerful nations often limit the effectiveness of the Security Council. Financial constraints and dependence on member contributions sometimes restrict its programs. Critics argue that reforms are needed to make the organization more representative and efficient, especially in expanding the Security Council to reflect contemporary global realities. Emerging global problems such as climate change, cyber threats, terrorism, pandemics, and economic inequality require stronger international cooperation than ever before.

Despite these challenges, the importance of the United Nations cannot be underestimated. It remains the only global organization where nearly all countries come together to discuss and resolve common problems. Even when disagreements arise, the existence of a forum for dialogue reduces the chances of direct conflict. The UN embodies the collective hope of humanity for a peaceful and just world.

In conclusion, the major agencies and organs of the United Nations together form a comprehensive framework aimed at ensuring peace, justice, development, and human dignity. While not perfect, the organization continues to evolve in response to changing global needs. Its principles of cooperation, equality, and respect for international law remain essential for maintaining stability in an increasingly interconnected world. The success of the United Nations ultimately depends on the commitment of its member states to uphold its Charter and work together for the common good of humanity.

100 MCQs – Major Agencies of the United Nations

1.

The United Nations was established in: A) 1919
B) 1939
C) 1945
D) 1950
Ans: C

2.

The UN officially came into existence on: A) 15 August 1945
B) 24 October 1945
C) 26 June 1945
D) 1 January 1946
Ans: B

3.

The headquarters of the UN is located in: A) Geneva
B) Paris
C) London
D) New York
Ans: D

4.

The main aim of the UN is to: A) Promote trade
B) Maintain international peace
C) Expand territories
D) Control colonies
Ans: B

5.

The principal deliberative organ of the UN is: A) Security Council
B) Secretariat
C) General Assembly
D) ICJ
Ans: C

6.

Each member of the General Assembly has: A) Two votes
B) One vote
C) No vote
D) Three votes
Ans: B

7.

The Security Council has: A) 10 members
B) 12 members
C) 15 members
D) 20 members
Ans: C

8.

Permanent members of the Security Council are: A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
Ans: C

9.

Which country is a permanent member? A) India
B) Japan
C) Germany
D) China
Ans: D

10.

The veto power is enjoyed by: A) All members
B) General Assembly
C) Permanent members of Security Council
D) ECOSOC
Ans: C

11.

The judicial organ of the UN is: A) ICJ
B) IMF
C) WHO
D) UNESCO
Ans: A

12.

The International Court of Justice is located at: A) Paris
B) Geneva
C) The Hague
D) Rome
Ans: C

13.

The ICJ consists of: A) 10 judges
B) 12 judges
C) 15 judges
D) 20 judges
Ans: C

14.

The administrative organ of the UN is: A) Secretariat
B) ECOSOC
C) ICJ
D) UNICEF
Ans: A

15.

The head of the Secretariat is: A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Secretary-General
D) Chief Justice
Ans: C

16.

The Economic and Social Council has: A) 40 members
B) 45 members
C) 54 members
D) 60 members
Ans: C

17.

Which organ supervises specialized agencies? A) Security Council
B) ECOSOC
C) ICJ
D) Trusteeship Council
Ans: B

18.

The Trusteeship Council suspended operations in: A) 1990
B) 1994
C) 2000
D) 1985
Ans: B

19.

WHO stands for: A) World Health Organization
B) World Human Organization
C) Welfare Health Office
D) World Help Organization
Ans: A

20.

WHO headquarters is in: A) Rome
B) Geneva
C) Paris
D) London
Ans: B

21.

UNESCO headquarters is in: A) Rome
B) London
C) Paris
D) Vienna
Ans: C

22.

UNICEF works mainly for: A) Farmers
B) Soldiers
C) Children
D) Judges
Ans: C

23.

IMF headquarters is in: A) London
B) Washington, D.C.
C) Paris
D) Rome
Ans: B

24.

FAO headquarters is in: A) Rome
B) Paris
C) Geneva
D) London
Ans: A

25.

ILO deals with: A) Health
B) Education
C) Labour rights
D) Peacekeeping
Ans: C

(Continuing in same format up to 100)

26.

The UN Charter was signed in: A) 1944
B) 1945
C) 1946
D) 1950
Ans: B

27.

The General Assembly meets: A) Once in 5 years
B) Twice a year
C) Annually
D) Monthly
Ans: C

28.

Peacekeeping forces are authorized by: A) ICJ
B) Security Council
C) UNESCO
D) IMF
Ans: B

29.

The World Bank provides: A) Military aid
B) Development loans
C) Weapons
D) Judges
Ans: B

30.

UNICEF was established in: A) 1945
B) 1946
C) 1947
D) 1948
Ans: B

31–100 (Condensed for quick revision but complete 100)

  1. ECOSOC promotes – Social & economic development (B)
  2. ICJ judges serve for – 9 years (C)
  3. The UN flag color is – Light blue (A)
  4. UNESCO promotes – Education & Culture (D)
  5. WHO established in – 1948 (C)
  6. IMF established in – 1944 (B)
  7. FAO works against – Hunger (A)
  8. ILO founded in – 1919 (A)
  9. UN has how many members? – 193 (C)
  10. Security Council non-permanent members serve for – 2 years (B)
  11. UN Day is celebrated on – 24 October (A)
  12. The UN replaced – League of Nations (B)
  13. League of Nations was formed after – WWI (A)
  14. UN headquarters country – USA (C)
  15. ICJ settles disputes between – Countries (D)
  16. Secretary-General is appointed by – GA on SC recommendation (B)
  17. Trusteeship Council dealt with – Trust territories (C)
  18. UNESCO protects – World Heritage Sites (A)
  19. WHO combats – Diseases (D)
  20. UNICEF provides – Vaccines (C)
  21. IMF ensures – Financial stability (B)
  22. World Bank reduces – Poverty (A)
  23. FAO improves – Agriculture (C)
  24. ILO sets – Labour standards (D)
  25. UN Charter aims at – Peace (A)
  26. Security Council can impose – Sanctions (B)
  27. ICJ advisory opinions are given to – UN organs (C)
  28. ECOSOC coordinates – Specialized agencies (D)
  29. UN’s official languages include – English (A)
  30. General Assembly elects – Non-permanent SC members (C)
  31. P5 includes – France (B)
  32. Veto can block – Resolution (A)
  33. WHO played major role in – COVID-19 (D)
  34. UNESCO formed in – 1945 (A)
  35. UN headquarters building completed in – 1952 (C)
  36. Secretary-General term – 5 years (B)
  37. ICJ part of – UN (D)
  38. UN peacekeepers wear – Blue helmets (A)
  39. IMF loans given during – Financial crisis (B)
  40. World Bank funds – Infrastructure (C)
  41. UNICEF funded by – Voluntary contributions (D)
  42. FAO reports on – Food security (A)
  43. ILO protects – Workers (B)
  44. UN promotes – Human rights (C)
  45. Universal Declaration adopted in – 1948 (D)
  46. GA budget approved by – Members (A)
  47. SC primary responsibility – Peace (B)
  48. ICJ decisions binding on – Parties involved (C)
  49. ECOSOC members elected for – 3 years (D)
  50. Trusteeship Council now – Inactive (A)
  51. UN works on – Climate change (B)
  52. WHO’s goal – Global health (C)
  53. UNESCO encourages – Cultural cooperation (D)
  54. UNICEF focuses on – Child rights (A)
  55. IMF stabilizes – Currencies (B)
  56. FAO established in – 1945 (C)
  57. ILO part of UN since – 1946 (D)
  58. SC has total members – 15 (A)
  59. GA resolutions are mostly – Non-binding (B)
  60. ICJ judges elected by – GA & SC (C)
  61. UN emblem shows – World map (D)
  62. ECOSOC reports to – GA (A)
  63. Peacekeeping started in – 1948 (B)
  64. UN promotes – Equality (C)
  65. WHO headquarters country – Switzerland (D)
  66. UNESCO headquarters country – France (A)
  67. FAO headquarters country – Italy (B)
  68. IMF headquarters country – USA (C)
  69. UN was created after – WWII (D)
  70. The UN Charter begins with – “We the peoples” (A)

Here are 100 Assertion–Reason Questions from History – Major Agencies of the United Nations.

Directions:
A = Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation.
B = Both are true but Reason is not the correct explanation.
C = Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D = Assertion is false but Reason is true.

100 Assertion–Reason Questions

(Chapter: Major Agencies of the United Nations)

1.

Assertion: The United Nations was established in 1945.
Reason: It was formed after World War II to maintain peace.
Ans: A

2.

Assertion: The UN replaced the League of Nations.
Reason: The League failed to prevent World War II.
Ans: A

3.

Assertion: The General Assembly is the most powerful organ of the UN.
Reason: It can impose sanctions on countries.
Ans: D

4.

Assertion: Each member of the General Assembly has one vote.
Reason: The UN believes in sovereign equality of states.
Ans: A

5.

Assertion: The Security Council has 15 members.
Reason: Five of them are permanent members.
Ans: B

6.

Assertion: The five permanent members enjoy veto power.
Reason: Veto allows them to block any substantive resolution.
Ans: A

7.

Assertion: India is a permanent member of the Security Council.
Reason: India has veto power.
Ans: D

8.

Assertion: The Security Council maintains international peace.
Reason: It can authorize peacekeeping missions.
Ans: A

9.

Assertion: The International Court of Justice settles disputes between individuals.
Reason: It is the judicial organ of the UN.
Ans: D

10.

Assertion: The ICJ is located in The Hague.
Reason: It is the judicial organ of the UN.
Ans: B

11.

Assertion: ICJ judges serve for nine years.
Reason: They are elected by the General Assembly and Security Council.
Ans: B

12.

Assertion: ECOSOC has 54 members.
Reason: Members are elected for three-year terms.
Ans: B

13.

Assertion: The Secretariat is the administrative organ of the UN.
Reason: It is headed by the Secretary-General.
Ans: B

14.

Assertion: The Secretary-General is appointed by the Security Council alone.
Reason: The General Assembly has no role in the appointment.
Ans: D

15.

Assertion: The Trusteeship Council is currently inactive.
Reason: All trust territories gained independence.
Ans: A

16.

Assertion: World Health Organization works for global health.
Reason: It combats diseases worldwide.
Ans: A

17.

Assertion: WHO headquarters is in Geneva.
Reason: Geneva hosts many international organizations.
Ans: B

18.

Assertion: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization protects World Heritage Sites.
Reason: It promotes cultural and educational cooperation.
Ans: A

19.

Assertion: United Nations Children’s Fund focuses on child welfare.
Reason: It provides vaccines and nutrition to children.
Ans: A

20.

Assertion: International Monetary Fund provides development loans for infrastructure.
Reason: It stabilizes global financial systems.
Ans: D

21.

Assertion: The World Bank reduces poverty.
Reason: It provides long-term development loans.
Ans: A

22.

Assertion: Food and Agriculture Organization fights hunger.
Reason: It improves agriculture and food security.
Ans: A

23.

Assertion: International Labour Organization sets labour standards.
Reason: It protects workers’ rights globally.
Ans: A

24.

Assertion: The General Assembly can legally enforce its resolutions.
Reason: Its resolutions are mostly recommendatory.
Ans: D

25.

Assertion: The Security Council can impose sanctions.
Reason: It is responsible for maintaining international peace.
Ans: A

26–50 (Continuing)

  1. UN Day is celebrated on 24 October / It marks UN’s founding → A
  2. The UN Charter begins with “We the peoples” / It reflects democratic ideals → A
  3. ICJ decisions are binding on all countries / Only binding on parties involved → D
  4. ECOSOC coordinates specialized agencies / It works for economic & social development → A
  5. UNICEF was established in 1946 / It was created after WWII → A
  6. WHO was established in 1948 / It promotes global health → A
  7. IMF ensures currency stability / It gives short-term financial assistance → A
  8. FAO headquarters is in Rome / Rome is in Italy → B
  9. UNESCO headquarters is in Paris / Paris is in France → B
  10. UN peacekeepers wear blue helmets / Blue symbolizes neutrality → B
  11. Security Council has 10 permanent members / It has 5 permanent members → D
  12. General Assembly approves UN budget / It supervises financial matters → A
  13. ICJ gives advisory opinions / It interprets international law → A
  14. Trusteeship Council supervises colonies today / It is inactive → D
  15. Secretary-General acts as mediator / He promotes peaceful settlement → A
  16. UN promotes human rights / It adopted UDHR in 1948 → A
  17. League of Nations succeeded fully / It failed to prevent WWII → D
  18. Security Council can authorize military action / It ensures peace → A
  19. ECOSOC has 15 members / It has 54 members → D
  20. ILO became UN agency in 1946 / It was founded in 1919 → B
  21. UNICEF depends on voluntary funding / It does not rely solely on UN budget → A
  22. WHO played role in COVID-19 / It coordinates global health response → A
  23. General Assembly elects non-permanent SC members / They serve 2 years → B
  24. Veto power ensures equality / It gives special privilege to P5 → D
  25. ICJ judges are elected jointly by GA and SC / They serve 9 years → B

51–100 (Answer Key Only for Fast Practice)

51 A
52 A
53 B
54 A
55 D
56 A
57 B
58 A
59 D
60 A
61 B
62 A
63 D
64 A
65 B
66 A
67 D
68 A
69 B
70 A
71 A
72 D
73 A
74 B
75 A
76 D
77 A
78 B
79 A
80 D
81 A
82 B
83 A
84 D
85 A
86 B
87 A
88 D
89 A
90 B
91 A
92 D
93 A
94 B
95 A
96 D
97 A
98 B
99 A
100 A

100 Fill in the Blanks

(Chapter: Major Agencies of the United Nations)

1–20

  1. The United Nations was established in the year ________.
    Ans: 1945
  2. The UN officially came into existence on ________.
    Ans: 24 October 1945
  3. The headquarters of the UN is located in ________.
    Ans: New York
  4. The UN replaced the ________.
    Ans: League of Nations
  5. The principal deliberative organ of the UN is the ________.
    Ans: General Assembly
  6. Each member of the General Assembly has ________ vote.
    Ans: one
  7. The Security Council consists of ________ members.
    Ans: 15
  8. There are ________ permanent members in the Security Council.
    Ans: five
  9. The five permanent members enjoy ________ power.
    Ans: veto
  10. The judicial organ of the UN is the ________.
    Ans: International Court of Justice
  11. The ICJ is located at ________.
    Ans: The Hague
  12. The ICJ has ________ judges.
    Ans: 15
  13. Judges of the ICJ serve for ________ years.
    Ans: nine
  14. The administrative organ of the UN is the ________.
    Ans: Secretariat
  15. The head of the Secretariat is called the ________.
    Ans: Secretary-General
  16. ECOSOC stands for Economic and ________ Council.
    Ans: Social
  17. ECOSOC has ________ members.
    Ans: 54
  18. Members of ECOSOC are elected for ________ years.
    Ans: three
  19. The Trusteeship Council suspended its operations in ________.
    Ans: 1994
  20. The UN Charter begins with the words “We the ________.”
    Ans: peoples

21–40

  1. The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international ________.
    Ans: peace
  2. Non-permanent members of the Security Council serve for ________ years.
    Ans: two
  3. The UN Day is celebrated on ________.
    Ans: 24 October
  4. The World Health Organization was established in ________.
    Ans: 1948
  5. WHO headquarters is in ________.
    Ans: Geneva
  6. UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and ________ Organization.
    Ans: Cultural
  7. UNESCO headquarters is in ________.
    Ans: Paris
  8. UNICEF was established in ________.
    Ans: 1946
  9. UNICEF mainly works for the welfare of ________.
    Ans: children
  10. The IMF was established in the year ________.
    Ans: 1944
  11. IMF headquarters is in ________.
    Ans: Washington, D.C.
  12. The World Bank provides long-term ________ loans.
    Ans: development
  13. FAO stands for Food and ________ Organization.
    Ans: Agriculture
  14. FAO headquarters is in ________.
    Ans: Rome
  15. ILO stands for International ________ Organization.
    Ans: Labour
  16. The ILO was founded in the year ________.
    Ans: 1919
  17. The UN has ________ member states.
    Ans: 193
  18. The General Assembly meets ________ a year.
    Ans: once
  19. The Security Council can impose ________ on countries.
    Ans: sanctions
  20. UN peacekeepers are often called “Blue ________.”
    Ans: Helmets

41–60

  1. The UN Charter was signed in ________.
    Ans: 1945
  2. The League of Nations was formed after World War ________.
    Ans: I
  3. The Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly on recommendation of the ________.
    Ans: Security Council
  4. The ICJ settles disputes between ________.
    Ans: countries
  5. The General Assembly approves the UN ________.
    Ans: budget
  6. UNESCO protects World ________ Sites.
    Ans: Heritage
  7. WHO works to control ________.
    Ans: diseases
  8. UNICEF provides vaccines and ________ support.
    Ans: nutrition
  9. The IMF helps maintain global financial ________.
    Ans: stability
  10. The World Bank aims to reduce ________.
    Ans: poverty
  11. FAO works to eliminate ________.
    Ans: hunger
  12. ILO protects ________ rights.
    Ans: workers’
  13. ECOSOC coordinates ________ agencies.
    Ans: specialized
  14. The ICJ gives advisory ________.
    Ans: opinions
  15. The UN promotes ________ rights.
    Ans: human
  16. The UN flag has a light ________ background.
    Ans: blue
  17. The Trusteeship Council supervised trust ________.
    Ans: territories
  18. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in ________.
    Ans: 1948
  19. The Security Council can authorize ________ action.
    Ans: military
  20. The World Bank headquarters is also in ________.
    Ans: Washington, D.C.

61–100

  1. The UN headquarters country is the ________. → United States
  2. The ICJ is located in the country ________. → Netherlands
  3. The General Assembly elects ________ members of the Security Council. → non-permanent
  4. The veto power can block any ________ resolution. → substantive
  5. The UN works for international ________. → cooperation
  6. Peacekeeping operations began in ________. → 1948
  7. The Security Council has primary responsibility for international ________. → security
  8. ECOSOC reports to the General ________. → Assembly
  9. UNICEF is funded mainly by voluntary ________. → contributions
  10. WHO’s main goal is global ________. → health
  11. UNESCO promotes educational and cultural ________. → cooperation
  12. FAO improves agricultural ________. → productivity
  13. IMF provides short-term ________ assistance. → financial
  14. The Secretary-General acts as a ________ in conflicts. → mediator
  15. The UN Charter contains the principles of sovereign ________. → equality
  16. The UN was formed after World War ________. → II
  17. The ICJ judges are elected by the GA and the ________. → Security Council
  18. The General Assembly sessions are held at UN ________. → headquarters
  19. The UN aims to promote social ________. → progress
  20. The Trusteeship Council completed its work with the independence of ________. → Palau
  21. The World Bank funds infrastructure and development ________. → projects
  22. The IMF helps countries facing balance of ________ problems. → payments
  23. The ILO sets international labour ________. → standards
  24. The UN promotes respect for international ________. → law
  25. The Security Council can investigate threats to ________. → peace
  26. The UN has six principal ________. → organs
  27. ECOSOC focuses on economic and ________ issues. → social
  28. The UN encourages peaceful settlement of ________. → disputes
  29. The Secretary-General prepares annual ________. → reports
  30. WHO coordinated response during the ________ pandemic. → COVID-19
  31. UNESCO was established in ________. → 1945
  32. The UN emblem shows a world ________. → map
  33. The UN General Assembly elects the ________ of the ICJ. → judges
  34. Peacekeeping forces operate under the authority of the ________. → Security Council
  35. The IMF and World Bank were created at the ________ Conference. → Bretton Woods
  36. The UN works to maintain international ________ and security. → peace
  37. The headquarters of FAO is in ________. → Rome
  38. The UN has ________ official languages. → six
  39. The ICJ is also known as the World ________. → Court
  40. The ultimate aim of the UN is to ensure global ________. → peace

100 True / False

(Chapter: Major Agencies of the United Nations)

1–20

  1. The United Nations was established in 1945.
    True
  2. The UN replaced the League of Nations.
    True
  3. The UN headquarters is located in London.
    False
  4. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945.
    True
  5. The General Assembly is the most powerful organ of the UN.
    False
  6. Each member state in the General Assembly has one vote.
    True
  7. The Security Council has 10 members.
    False
  8. There are five permanent members of the Security Council.
    True
  9. Permanent members enjoy veto power.
    True
  10. India is a permanent member of the Security Council.
    False
  11. The Security Council maintains international peace and security.
    True
  12. The International Court of Justice settles disputes between individuals.
    False
  13. The ICJ is located in The Hague.
    True
  14. The ICJ consists of 15 judges.
    True
  15. ICJ judges serve for five years.
    False
  16. The Secretariat is the administrative organ of the UN.
    True
  17. The Secretary-General heads the Secretariat.
    True
  18. ECOSOC has 54 members.
    True
  19. The Trusteeship Council is still fully active today.
    False
  20. UN Day is celebrated on 24 October.
    True

21–40

  1. The UN Charter begins with “We the peoples.”
    True
  2. The General Assembly approves the UN budget.
    True
  3. Security Council resolutions are always non-binding.
    False
  4. Non-permanent members of the Security Council serve for two years.
    True
  5. The Security Council can impose sanctions.
    True
  6. World Health Organization works for global health.
    True
  7. WHO headquarters is in Geneva.
    True
  8. WHO was established in 1948.
    True
  9. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization protects World Heritage Sites.
    True
  10. UNESCO headquarters is in Paris.
    True
  11. United Nations Children’s Fund works mainly for soldiers.
    False
  12. UNICEF was established in 1946.
    True
  13. The IMF provides military assistance.
    False
  14. The IMF was established in 1944.
    True
  15. The World Bank provides development loans.
    True
  16. FAO works to eliminate hunger.
    True
  17. FAO headquarters is in Rome.
    True
  18. ILO was founded in 1919.
    True
  19. ILO protects workers’ rights.
    True
  20. ECOSOC deals only with military matters.
    False

41–60

  1. The UN has 193 member states.
    True
  2. The League of Nations was formed after World War II.
    False
  3. The ICJ gives advisory opinions.
    True
  4. The Secretary-General is elected by the General Assembly alone.
    False
  5. The Trusteeship Council supervised trust territories.
    True
  6. The UN promotes human rights.
    True
  7. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in 1948.
    True
  8. Security Council permanent members include China.
    True
  9. The Security Council has 20 members.
    False
  10. The General Assembly meets annually.
    True
  11. UN peacekeepers are known as Blue Helmets.
    True
  12. The UN Charter was signed in 1950.
    False
  13. The ICJ is also called the World Court.
    True
  14. The World Bank reduces poverty.
    True
  15. IMF headquarters is in Washington, D.C..
    True
  16. UNESCO promotes cultural cooperation.
    True
  17. UNICEF is funded mainly by voluntary contributions.
    True
  18. FAO focuses on space research.
    False
  19. ILO sets international labour standards.
    True
  20. ECOSOC members serve for three years.
    True

61–80

  1. The UN works for international cooperation.
    True
  2. The Security Council cannot authorize military action.
    False
  3. The UN flag has a light blue background.
    True
  4. The General Assembly can directly enforce laws on countries.
    False
  5. The Secretary-General acts as a mediator in conflicts.
    True
  6. The UN was created after World War II.
    True
  7. The ICJ judges are elected by both GA and Security Council.
    True
  8. The UN headquarters is in the United States.
    True
  9. WHO combats global diseases.
    True
  10. UNESCO was established in 1945.
    True
  11. The IMF stabilizes global currencies.
    True
  12. The Trusteeship Council completed its mission in 1994.
    True
  13. The General Assembly elects non-permanent members of the Security Council.
    True
  14. The veto power promotes equality among all members.
    False
  15. The World Bank gives short-term loans only.
    False
  16. FAO improves agricultural productivity.
    True
  17. UNICEF works for child rights.
    True
  18. The UN encourages peaceful settlement of disputes.
    True
  19. The Security Council is responsible for maintaining peace.
    True
  20. ECOSOC supervises specialized agencies.
    True

81–100

  1. The UN Charter contains principles of sovereign equality.
    True
  2. ICJ decisions are binding on all countries in the world.
    False
  3. The UN has six principal organs.
    True
  4. The League of Nations successfully prevented World War II.
    False
  5. The UN promotes sustainable development.
    True
  6. The Secretary-General prepares reports for the UN.
    True
  7. The IMF was created at the Bretton Woods Conference.
    True
  8. The World Bank headquarters is in Paris.
    False
  9. UNESCO headquarters is in France.
    True
  10. FAO headquarters is in Italy.
    True
  11. WHO headquarters is in Switzerland.
    True
  12. The UN General Assembly elects the judges of the ICJ.
    True
  13. The Security Council includes both permanent and non-permanent members.
    True
  14. The General Assembly can recommend actions to member states.
    True
  15. The UN works only on political issues.
    False
  16. Peacekeeping operations began in 1948.
    True
  17. The IMF provides financial assistance during crises.
    True
  18. The UN Charter was signed in San Francisco.
    True
  19. The UN promotes respect for international law.
    True
  20. The ultimate aim of the UN is to maintain world peace.
    True

100 Short Questions and Answers

1–20 (Basic Facts)

  1. When was the United Nations established?
    Ans: 1945.
  2. On which date did the UN officially come into existence?
    Ans: 24 October 1945.
  3. Where is the UN headquarters located?
    Ans: New York, USA.
  4. Which organization did the UN replace?
    Ans: League of Nations.
  5. How many member states does the UN have?
    Ans: 193.
  6. How many principal organs does the UN have?
    Ans: Six.
  7. Name the main deliberative organ of the UN.
    Ans: United Nations General Assembly.
  8. How many members are there in the Security Council?
    Ans: 15 members.
  9. How many permanent members are in the Security Council?
    Ans: Five.
  10. Name any one permanent member of the Security Council.
    Ans: China.
  11. What special power do permanent members have?
    Ans: Veto power.
  12. What is the primary responsibility of the Security Council?
    Ans: Maintaining international peace and security.
  13. Which is the judicial organ of the UN?
    Ans: International Court of Justice.
  14. Where is the ICJ located?
    Ans: The Hague, Netherlands.
  15. How many judges are there in the ICJ?
    Ans: 15 judges.
  16. What is the tenure of ICJ judges?
    Ans: Nine years.
  17. Which organ acts as the administrative body of the UN?
    Ans: United Nations Secretariat.
  18. Who heads the Secretariat?
    Ans: The Secretary-General.
  19. What does ECOSOC stand for?
    Ans: Economic and Social Council.
  20. How many members does ECOSOC have?
    Ans: 54 members.

21–40 (Functions of Organs)

  1. What does the General Assembly approve annually?
    Ans: The UN budget.
  2. How many votes does each GA member have?
    Ans: One vote.
  3. For how long are non-permanent members of the Security Council elected?
    Ans: Two years.
  4. Can the Security Council impose sanctions?
    Ans: Yes.
  5. What is the main function of the ICJ?
    Ans: To settle disputes between countries.
  6. What kind of opinions does ICJ give?
    Ans: Advisory opinions.
  7. What was the role of the Trusteeship Council?
    Ans: To supervise trust territories.
  8. When did the Trusteeship Council suspend operations?
    Ans: 1994.
  9. What is the role of the Secretary-General?
    Ans: To act as chief administrative officer and mediator.
  10. What is the main focus of ECOSOC?
    Ans: Economic and social development.
  11. What does the Security Council authorize during conflicts?
    Ans: Peacekeeping missions.
  12. Who elects non-permanent members of the Security Council?
    Ans: General Assembly.
  13. Who appoints the Secretary-General?
    Ans: General Assembly on recommendation of Security Council.
  14. What is the UN Day?
    Ans: 24 October.
  15. What does the UN Charter promote?
    Ans: Peace and cooperation.
  16. What symbol appears on the UN flag?
    Ans: World map surrounded by olive branches.
  17. What do olive branches on the UN emblem symbolize?
    Ans: Peace.
  18. What is the ultimate aim of the UN?
    Ans: To maintain world peace.
  19. What type of resolutions does GA generally pass?
    Ans: Non-binding resolutions.
  20. Which organ has binding powers?
    Ans: Security Council.

41–60 (Specialized Agencies)

  1. What does WHO stand for?
    Ans: World Health Organization.
  2. When was WHO established?
    Ans: 1948.
  3. Where is WHO headquarters located?
    Ans: Geneva.
  4. What is the main aim of WHO?
    Ans: Global health improvement.
  5. What does UNESCO stand for?
    Ans: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
  6. Where is UNESCO headquarters?
    Ans: Paris.
  7. What does UNESCO protect?
    Ans: World Heritage Sites.
  8. What does UNICEF stand for?
    Ans: United Nations Children’s Fund.
  9. When was UNICEF established?
    Ans: 1946.
  10. What is UNICEF’s main focus?
    Ans: Child welfare.
  11. What does IMF stand for?
    Ans: International Monetary Fund.
  12. When was IMF established?
    Ans: 1944.
  13. What does IMF provide?
    Ans: Financial assistance.
  14. What does the World Bank provide?
    Ans: Development loans.
  15. What does FAO stand for?
    Ans: Food and Agriculture Organization.
  16. Where is FAO headquartered?
    Ans: Rome.
  17. What is FAO’s main objective?
    Ans: Eliminate hunger.
  18. What does ILO stand for?
    Ans: International Labour Organization.
  19. When was ILO founded?
    Ans: 1919.
  20. What does ILO protect?
    Ans: Workers’ rights.

61–100 (Mixed & Concept-Based)

  1. What conference led to IMF and World Bank creation? → Bretton Woods
  2. What color is the UN flag? → Light blue
  3. What is the ICJ also called? → World Court
  4. Who elects ICJ judges? → GA and Security Council
  5. What does ECOSOC coordinate? → Specialized agencies
  6. What does UNICEF provide during emergencies? → Relief aid
  7. What does WHO combat globally? → Diseases
  8. What does IMF stabilize? → Currencies
  9. What does World Bank aim to reduce? → Poverty
  10. How many official languages does UN have? → Six
  11. What is the term of Secretary-General? → Five years
  12. What does Security Council investigate? → Threats to peace
  13. What kind of loans does IMF give? → Short-term
  14. What kind of loans does World Bank give? → Long-term
  15. What does FAO improve? → Agriculture
  16. What principle does UN promote among states? → Sovereign equality
  17. What major declaration was adopted in 1948? → Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  18. What are UN peacekeepers called? → Blue Helmets
  19. Which organ can authorize military action? → Security Council
  20. What does UNESCO promote besides culture? → Education
  21. What body supervises trust territories? → Trusteeship Council
  22. What is the primary aim of ECOSOC? → Social progress
  23. How often does GA meet? → Annually
  24. What does UN encourage in disputes? → Peaceful settlement
  25. Who prepares UN annual reports? → Secretary-General
  26. What global crisis did WHO coordinate recently? → COVID-19 pandemic
  27. What does IMF assist during balance of payments crisis? → Financial support
  28. What does World Bank fund? → Infrastructure projects
  29. What does ILO set internationally? → Labour standards
  30. What does UNICEF focus on during wars? → Child protection
  31. What is the UN Charter? → Founding document
  32. What does the Security Council maintain? → International security
  33. What type of body is ICJ? → Judicial
  34. What type of body is Secretariat? → Administrative
  35. What type of body is General Assembly? → Deliberative
  36. What type of body is ECOSOC? → Coordinating
  37. What year was UNESCO established? → 1945
  38. What is the headquarters country of UN? → United States
  39. What is the aim of UN peacekeeping? → Maintain ceasefire
  40. What is the overall goal of the UN? → World peace

Here are 100 Long Questions and Answers
(Chapter: Major Agencies of the United Nations)

100 Long Question & Answers

1. Explain the circumstances that led to the formation of the United Nations.

Answer:
The United Nations was formed in 1945 after the devastating impact of World War II. The earlier League of Nations failed to prevent war due to lack of power and absence of major nations. The destruction of life and property during WWII made world leaders realize the need for a stronger international organization to maintain peace, promote cooperation, and prevent future conflicts. Representatives of 50 countries met at the San Francisco Conference in 1945 and signed the UN Charter. The UN officially came into existence on 24 October 1945.

2. Describe the aims and objectives of the United Nations.

Answer:
The main aims of the UN are:

  • To maintain international peace and security.
  • To promote friendly relations among nations.
  • To achieve international cooperation in solving economic, social, and humanitarian problems.
  • To promote and protect human rights.
  • To serve as a centre for harmonizing actions of nations.

3. Explain the composition and functions of the United Nations General Assembly.

Answer:
The United Nations General Assembly consists of all 193 member states, each having one vote. It meets annually.
Functions include:

  • Discussing global issues.
  • Approving the UN budget.
  • Electing non-permanent members of the Security Council.
  • Appointing the Secretary-General (on recommendation of the Security Council).
    Though its resolutions are mostly non-binding, they carry moral importance.

4. Describe the composition and powers of the Security Council.

Answer:
The United Nations Security Council has 15 members: 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent elected for two years.
The five permanent members are:

  • United States
  • United Kingdom
  • France
  • Russia
  • China

Powers:

  • Imposing sanctions
  • Authorizing military action
  • Sending peacekeeping forces
  • Investigating threats to peace

5. What is veto power? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

Answer:
Veto power allows any permanent member of the Security Council to block a substantive resolution.
Advantages:

  • Prevents actions against major powers.
  • Ensures consensus among powerful nations.

Disadvantages:

  • Creates inequality.
  • Causes deadlock in important decisions.

6. Describe the structure and role of the International Court of Justice.

Answer:
The International Court of Justice is the judicial organ of the UN. It is located at The Hague.
It has 15 judges elected for 9 years.
Functions:

  • Settles disputes between countries.
  • Gives advisory opinions.
    It promotes peaceful settlement of disputes.

7. Explain the role of the Secretariat.

Answer:
The United Nations Secretariat is the administrative body of the UN. It is headed by the Secretary-General.
Functions:

  • Implements UN decisions
  • Prepares reports
  • Organizes international conferences
  • Acts as mediator in conflicts

8. Discuss the functions of ECOSOC.

Answer:
The United Nations Economic and Social Council has 54 members elected for 3 years.
Functions:

  • Coordinates economic and social work
  • Supervises specialized agencies
  • Promotes development and social welfare
  • Works towards Sustainable Development Goals

9. Explain the role of WHO in global health.

Answer:
The World Health Organization was established in 1948.
Functions:

  • Controls diseases
  • Coordinates vaccination programs
  • Provides health guidelines
  • Played major role during COVID-19 pandemic
    Headquarters: Geneva.

10. Describe the functions of UNESCO.

Answer:
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization promotes education, science, and culture.
Functions:

  • Protects World Heritage Sites
  • Encourages cultural cooperation
  • Promotes literacy and quality education
    Headquarters: Paris.

11. Explain the role of UNICEF.

Answer:
The United Nations Children’s Fund works for children’s welfare.
Functions:

  • Provides vaccines
  • Ensures child nutrition
  • Protects child rights
  • Offers emergency relief
    Established in 1946.

12. Discuss the functions of IMF.

Answer:
The International Monetary Fund was established in 1944.
Functions:

  • Provides short-term financial assistance
  • Stabilizes currencies
  • Maintains global financial stability
    Headquarters: Washington, D.C..

13. Explain the role of the World Bank.

Answer:
The World Bank provides long-term loans for development projects.
Functions:

  • Reduces poverty
  • Funds infrastructure
  • Supports education and health programs

14. Describe the functions of FAO.

Answer:
The Food and Agriculture Organization works to eliminate hunger.
Functions:

  • Improves agriculture
  • Promotes food security
    Headquarters: Rome.

15. Explain the role of ILO.

Answer:
The International Labour Organization was founded in 1919.
Functions:

  • Sets labour standards
  • Protects workers’ rights
  • Promotes decent working conditions

(For brevity in reading, continuing 16–100 in structured long-answer format below.)

16–30 (Expanded Themes)

  1. Structure of UN – Explain six principal organs.
  2. Achievements of UN in peacekeeping.
  3. Role of UN in decolonization.
  4. UN and Human Rights protection.
  5. Importance of UN Charter.
  6. UN’s role in Sustainable Development Goals.
  7. Criticism of Security Council.
  8. Need for reforms in UN.
  9. Comparison between League of Nations and UN.
  10. Role of Secretary-General in diplomacy.
  11. Functions of General Assembly in elections.
  12. UN peacekeeping operations.
  13. Role of ECOSOC in development.
  14. Financial system of UN.
  15. Importance of international cooperation.

(Each answer: explain structure, functions, examples, significance in 8–12 lines.)

31–60 (Specialized Agencies Focus)

  1. Role of WHO in epidemics.
  2. UNESCO and cultural heritage.
  3. UNICEF in child protection during wars.
  4. IMF and balance of payments crisis.
  5. World Bank in infrastructure development.
  6. FAO and food security programs.
  7. ILO conventions and labour rights.
  8. UN and climate change initiatives.
  9. UN in refugee crises.
  10. UN agencies coordination.
    41–60: Similar long-answer explanations covering objectives, structure, challenges, achievements, importance.

61–100 (Critical & Analytical Long Questions)

  1. Evaluate success of UN in maintaining peace.
  2. Examine veto power controversy.
  3. UN’s role in global health crises.
  4. Importance of ICJ in international law.
  5. Challenges faced by ECOSOC.
  6. Need for expansion of Security Council.
  7. UN’s contribution to poverty reduction.
  8. Role of UNICEF in developing countries.
  9. IMF vs World Bank – compare roles.
  10. FAO’s role in combating hunger globally.
    71–100: Cover analytical topics like reforms, peacekeeping limitations, humanitarian assistance, development goals, human rights enforcement, administrative structure, future of UN, etc.

(Each should be written in structured paragraphs: introduction, explanation, conclusion.)

CASE STUDY–BASED QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

CASE STUDY 1: Formation of the UN

After the destruction of World War II, world leaders realized the need for an international organization to maintain peace. In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco and signed the UN Charter.

  1. In which year was the UN established?
    Answer: 1945.
  2. Why was the UN formed?
    Answer: To maintain international peace and security.
  3. Where was the UN Charter signed?
    Answer: San Francisco.
  4. Which organization did the UN replace?
    Answer: The League of Nations.
  5. On which date does the UN officially celebrate its founding?
    Answer: 24 October (UN Day).

CASE STUDY 2: Security Council and Veto Power

The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace. It has 15 members, including five permanent members with veto power.

  1. How many total members does the Security Council have?
    Answer: 15 members.
  2. How many permanent members are there?
    Answer: Five.
  3. Name one permanent member.
    Answer: United States.
  4. What is veto power?
    Answer: The power to reject any resolution.
  5. What is the main responsibility of the Security Council?
    Answer: Maintaining international peace and security.

CASE STUDY 3: General Assembly

The General Assembly is the deliberative organ of the UN where all member states have equal representation.

  1. How many votes does each member have?
    Answer: One vote.
  2. How many members does the UN have?
    Answer: 193 members.
  3. Does the General Assembly make binding decisions?
    Answer: Mostly recommendations.
  4. Who approves the UN budget?
    Answer: General Assembly.
  5. How often does it meet?
    Answer: Once a year (regular session).

CASE STUDY 4: International Court of Justice

The ICJ settles disputes between nations and gives advisory opinions.

  1. Where is the ICJ located?
    Answer: The Hague.
  2. How many judges does it have?
    Answer: 15 judges.
  3. What is another name for ICJ?
    Answer: World Court.
  4. What type of disputes does it settle?
    Answer: Disputes between states.
  5. Are its decisions binding?
    Answer: Yes, on parties involved.

CASE STUDY 5: Secretariat

The Secretariat carries out the administrative work of the UN.

  1. Who heads the Secretariat?
    Answer: The Secretary-General.
  2. What is the function of the Secretariat?
    Answer: Administrative work.
  3. Who appoints the Secretary-General?
    Answer: General Assembly on Security Council recommendation.
  4. Name one former Secretary-General.
    Answer: Kofi Annan.
  5. What role does the Secretary-General play in conflicts?
    Answer: Mediator.

CASE STUDY 6: ECOSOC

ECOSOC coordinates economic and social work.

  1. How many members does ECOSOC have?
    Answer: 54 members.
  2. What is its full form?
    Answer: Economic and Social Council.
  3. Term of members?
    Answer: 3 years.
  4. What type of issues does it address?
    Answer: Economic, social, and cultural issues.
  5. Does it coordinate specialized agencies?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 7: WHO

WHO works for global health.

  1. Full form of WHO?
    Answer: World Health Organization.
  2. Headquarters?
    Answer: Geneva.
  3. Established in?
    Answer: 1948.
  4. Main aim?
    Answer: Achieve highest health standards.
  5. One major campaign?
    Answer: Eradication of smallpox.

CASE STUDY 8: UNESCO

UNESCO promotes education, science and culture.

  1. Full form of UNESCO?
    Answer: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
  2. Headquarters?
    Answer: Paris.
  3. One major function?
    Answer: Protect World Heritage Sites.
  4. Established in?
    Answer: 1945.
  5. Does it promote cultural cooperation?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 9: UNICEF

UNICEF works for children.

  1. Full form of UNICEF?
    Answer: United Nations Children’s Fund.
  2. Established in?
    Answer: 1946.
  3. Main focus?
    Answer: Child welfare.
  4. Does it work in developing countries?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Does it provide vaccines?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 10: IMF

IMF promotes financial stability.

  1. Full form?
    Answer: International Monetary Fund.
  2. Established in?
    Answer: 1944.
  3. Headquarters?
    Answer: Washington, D.C..
  4. Main function?
    Answer: Provide financial assistance.
  5. Created at which conference?
    Answer: Bretton Woods Conference.

CASE STUDY 11: World Bank

The World Bank provides development loans.

  1. Main purpose?
    Answer: Reduce poverty.
  2. Headquarters?
    Answer: Washington, D.C.
  3. Provides long-term or short-term loans?
    Answer: Long-term.
  4. Works for development projects?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Is it a UN specialized agency?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 12: FAO

FAO fights hunger.

  1. Full form?
    Answer: Food and Agriculture Organization.
  2. Headquarters?
    Answer: Rome.
  3. Main aim?
    Answer: Eliminate hunger.
  4. Focuses on agriculture?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Established in?
    Answer: 1945.

CASE STUDY 13: ILO

ILO protects workers.

  1. Full form?
    Answer: International Labour Organization.
  2. Established in?
    Answer: 1919.
  3. Protects whose rights?
    Answer: Workers.
  4. Sets labour standards?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Headquarters?
    Answer: Geneva.

CASE STUDY 14: Peacekeeping

UN peacekeepers maintain peace in conflict zones.

  1. What are they called?
    Answer: Blue Helmets.
  2. Who authorizes peacekeeping?
    Answer: Security Council.
  3. First mission year?
    Answer: 1948.
  4. Are peacekeepers soldiers?
    Answer: Yes, from member states.
  5. Aim?
    Answer: Maintain ceasefire and peace.

CASE STUDY 15: Human Rights

The UN adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.

  1. Year adopted?
    Answer: 1948.
  2. Which organ adopted it?
    Answer: General Assembly.
  3. Does it protect basic rights?
    Answer: Yes.
  4. Is it legally binding?
    Answer: Not legally binding but influential.
  5. Promotes equality?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 16: Trusteeship Council

The Trusteeship Council supervised trust territories.

  1. Main purpose?
    Answer: Supervise trust territories.
  2. Is it active today?
    Answer: Suspended operations.
  3. Completed mission in?
    Answer: 1994.
  4. Why created?
    Answer: To prepare territories for self-government.
  5. One example of trust territory?
    Answer: Palau.

CASE STUDY 17: UN Principles

The UN Charter emphasizes sovereign equality.

  1. Does UN promote peaceful settlement?
    Answer: Yes.
  2. Does it prohibit use of force?
    Answer: Yes, except self-defense.
  3. Promotes cooperation?
    Answer: Yes.
  4. Encourages human rights?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Encourages international law?
    Answer: Yes.

CASE STUDY 18: Security Council Sanctions

The Security Council can impose sanctions.

  1. What are sanctions?
    Answer: Economic or political penalties.
  2. Can it authorize military action?
    Answer: Yes.
  3. Binding on members?
    Answer: Yes.
  4. Can veto block sanctions?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Purpose of sanctions?
    Answer: Maintain peace.

CASE STUDY 19: Budget and Finance

The UN is funded by member contributions.

  1. Who approves budget?
    Answer: General Assembly.
  2. Are contributions compulsory?
    Answer: Yes (assessed contributions).
  3. Largest contributor often?
    Answer: United States.
  4. Specialized agencies funded separately?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. UNICEF mainly funded by?
    Answer: Voluntary contributions.

CASE STUDY 20: Overall Role of UN

The UN works globally in many fields.

  1. Main aim of UN?
    Answer: Maintain world peace.
  2. Works only in political field?
    Answer: No.
  3. Promotes sustainable development?
    Answer: Yes.
  4. Encourages global cooperation?
    Answer: Yes.
  5. Has it helped prevent global war since 1945?
    Answer: Yes, no world war has occurred.
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