🌳 Introduction

Conservation of plants and animals means protecting and preserving the natural world so that living organisms can survive for future generations. Human activities such as deforestation, industrialization, urbanization, and pollution are rapidly destroying forests and wildlife. This chapter helps us understand why conservation is necessary and how we can protect biodiversity.

🌲 What is Deforestation?

Deforestation refers to the large-scale cutting down of forests. It is one of the biggest threats to the environment.

🔹 Causes of Deforestation

Urbanization – Land is cleared to build cities, roads, and houses
Agriculture – Forests are cut to grow crops or for grazing
Industrialization – Factories and industries need land and raw materials
Wood demand – Trees are cut for furniture, paper, fuel, etc.
Forest fires – Sometimes natural, but often caused by humans

🔹 Consequences of Deforestation

Loss of biodiversity (plants and animals lose homes)
Soil erosion and desertification
Increase in carbon dioxide → global warming
Disturbance in water cycle → less rainfall
Floods and droughts

🌍 Effects of Deforestation on Climate and Soil

🌡️ Global Warming

Trees absorb carbon dioxide. When trees are cut, CO₂ increases, trapping heat and causing global warming.

🌧️ Water Cycle Disturbance

Trees help in transpiration (release of water vapour). Less trees → less rainfall.

🪨 Soil Erosion

Tree roots bind soil. Without them, soil gets washed away by wind and water.

🏜️ Desertification

Fertile land becomes desert due to loss of vegetation.

🐾 Conservation of Forests and Wildlife

Conservation means careful use and protection of natural resources.

🔹 Why Conservation is Important?

Maintains ecological balance
Protects biodiversity
Ensures availability of resources for future
Prevents extinction of species

🔹 Methods of Conservation

Afforestation (planting new trees)
Reforestation (replanting trees in cleared areas)
Controlled use of forest resources
Creating protected areas

🏞️ Protected Areas: National Parks, Sanctuaries & Biosphere Reserves

🟢 Wildlife Sanctuaries

Areas where animals are protected
Limited human activities allowed

🟢 National Parks

Strict protection for wildlife and plants
No human activities like grazing or hunting allowed

🟢 Biosphere Reserves

Large areas that protect biodiversity
Include core, buffer, and transition zones
Example: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve

🐅 Endangered, Extinct and Endemic Species

🔴 Endangered Species

Animals or plants at risk of extinction
👉 Example: Tiger, Elephant

⚫ Extinct Species

Species that no longer exist
👉 Example: Dinosaur, Dodo

🟡 Endemic Species

Species found only in a particular area
👉 Example: Nilgiri Tahr

📕 Red Data Book

Contains record of endangered species
Maintained internationally

🌿 Migration of Animals

Migration is the movement of animals from one place to another due to:

Climate changes
Food availability
Breeding needs

Example: Birds migrate to warmer regions in winter.

🌱 Recycling of Paper

🔹 Why Recycle Paper?

Saves trees
Reduces deforestation
Saves water and energy

🔹 Process

Collection of waste paper
Cleaning and pulping
Removing ink
Making new paper

🌳 Role of People in Conservation

🌼 Chipko Movement

People hugged trees to prevent cutting
Started in Uttarakhand

🌼 Government Laws

Ban on hunting
Forest protection acts

🌼 What We Can Do

Plant more trees
Save paper
Avoid plastic
Spread awareness

🧠 Summary

Deforestation is harmful and leads to environmental imbalance
Conservation is necessary to protect plants and animals
Protected areas help preserve biodiversity
Endangered species need protection
Recycling and awareness are key to saving forests

✍️ Conclusion

Conservation of plants and animals is essential for maintaining life on Earth. Every living organism is connected, and disturbing one part of the ecosystem affects the whole system. Humans must act responsibly by reducing deforestation, protecting wildlife, and using natural resources wisely. If we take steps today, we can ensure a healthy and sustainable environment for future generations.

🌿 Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals (Class 8 Science) – Detailed Explanation

🌍 1. Understanding Biodiversity

🔹 What is Biodiversity?

Biodiversity means the variety of living organisms on Earth—plants, animals, and microorganisms. It includes:

Different species (tigers, trees, bacteria)
Different ecosystems (forests, deserts, oceans)
Genetic differences within species

🔹 Importance of Biodiversity

Maintains balance in nature
Provides food, medicine, oxygen
Supports ecosystems and food chains

👉 Example: If insects disappear, pollination stops → plants cannot reproduce → animals lose food.

🌲 2. Detailed Study of Deforestation

Deforestation is not just cutting trees—it is the complete removal of forest cover, destroying entire ecosystems.

🔹 Deep Causes

Population Growth – More people need land and resources
Mining Activities – Forest land cleared for minerals
Dam Construction – Submerges large forest areas
Overgrazing – Animals destroy vegetation

🔹 Chain Reaction of Effects

Deforestation causes a domino effect:

Trees removed
Animals lose habitat
Soil becomes loose
Rain washes soil away
Land becomes infertile

🔹 Long-Term Impacts

Climate change becomes permanent
Loss of rare species
Ecosystem collapse

🌡️ 3. Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

🔹 What is Greenhouse Effect?

Certain gases like carbon dioxide trap heat from the sun, keeping Earth warm.

👉 This is natural and necessary, but…

🔹 What Happens After Deforestation?

Less trees → less CO₂ absorbed
More CO₂ → more heat trapped
Result → Global Warming

🔹 Effects of Global Warming

Melting glaciers
Rising sea levels
Extreme weather (heat waves, floods)

🌧️ 4. Water Cycle and Its Disturbance

🔹 Normal Water Cycle

Evaporation from water bodies
Transpiration from plants
Condensation → clouds
Precipitation → rain

🔹 Role of Forests

Trees release water vapour (transpiration), which helps form clouds.

🔹 What Happens Without Trees?

Less transpiration
Fewer clouds
Reduced rainfall

👉 Result: Droughts in some areas and floods in others

🪨 5. Soil Erosion and Desertification (Deep Concept)

🔹 Soil Erosion

Removal of top fertile layer of soil by wind or water.

🔹 Why Trees Prevent It?

Roots bind soil tightly
Leaves reduce impact of rain

🔹 Desertification Process

Fertile land → deforestation → soil erosion → no crops → desert

👉 Example: Parts of Rajasthan expanding due to desertification.

🏞️ 6. Biosphere Reserves – In Detail

A biosphere reserve is a large protected area for conservation.

🔹 Three Zones Explained

Core Zone
- No human activity
- Strict protection
Buffer Zone
- Limited activities (research, tourism)
Transition Zone
- Human settlements allowed
- Sustainable use of resources

👉 This system balances human needs + conservation

🐾 7. Wildlife Conservation – Deep Insight

🔹 Major Threats to Wildlife

Hunting (poaching)
Habitat destruction
Pollution
Climate change

🔹 Conservation Efforts

Wildlife Protection Act
National parks and sanctuaries
Breeding programs

👉 Example: Project Tiger saved tigers in India.

📕 8. Red Data Book – Detailed Understanding

🔹 What is Red Data Book?

A record book containing details of:

Endangered species
Rare species
Extinct species

Maintained by international organizations.

🔹 Categories

Vulnerable
Endangered
Critically endangered

👉 Helps governments plan conservation strategies.

🐦 9. Migration – Scientific Explanation

🔹 Why Animals Migrate?

Temperature changes
Lack of food
Breeding

🔹 How Do They Navigate?

Sun and stars
Earth’s magnetic field
Landmarks

👉 Example: Siberian cranes visit India in winter.

🌱 10. Afforestation vs Reforestation

🔹 Afforestation

Planting trees on new land

🔹 Reforestation

Replanting trees in deforested areas

👉 Both are important to restore ecological balance.

♻️ 11. Recycling and Sustainable Use

🔹 3Rs Principle

Reduce – Use less resources
Reuse – Use items again
Recycle – Convert waste into new products

🔹 Why Important?

Saves energy
Reduces pollution
Protects forests

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 12. Role of Society and Government

🔹 Community Participation

People protect forests in villages.

🔹 Government Actions

Laws against hunting
Protected areas
Awareness programs

🔹 Your Role (Student Level)

Plant trees
Save paper
Avoid wastage
Spread awareness

🧠 Final Deep Summary

Forests are essential for life and climate balance
Deforestation leads to global warming, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss
Conservation includes protection, restoration, and sustainable use
Protected areas and laws help save wildlife
Every individual has a role in conservation

✍️ Conclusion (Advanced Understanding)

The Earth functions as a connected system where plants, animals, soil, water, and air depend on each other. When forests are destroyed, this balance is disturbed, leading to serious environmental problems. Conservation is not just the responsibility of governments—it is a shared duty of every human being. By understanding these concepts and taking small steps in daily life, we can contribute to protecting our planet and ensuring survival for future generations.

Here are 80 MCQs from Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals (Class 8 Science)
(Useful for school tests, practice, and exams)

📝 80 MCQs – Conservation of Plants and Animals

🔹 Section A: Basic MCQs (1–30)

Deforestation means:
A) Planting trees
B) Cutting trees ✔
C) Watering plants
D) Growing crops
Forests are cut mainly for:
A) Decoration
B) Agriculture ✔
C) Music
D) Sports
Which gas increases due to deforestation?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide ✔
D) Hydrogen
Cutting trees leads to:
A) More rain
B) Less pollution
C) Soil erosion ✔
D) Clean air
Conservation means:
A) Destroying resources
B) Protecting resources ✔
C) Selling resources
D) Ignoring resources
Wildlife sanctuary is for:
A) Humans
B) Animals ✔
C) Buildings
D) Factories
National parks protect:
A) Only animals
B) Only plants
C) Both plants and animals ✔
D) Only water
Species found only in one place are:
A) Extinct
B) Endemic ✔
C) Dangerous
D) Rare
Extinct species are:
A) Alive
B) Sleeping
C) No longer existing ✔
D) Growing
Red Data Book contains:
A) Stories
B) Endangered species ✔
C) Maps
D) Poems
Soil erosion is removal of:
A) Water
B) Air
C) Top soil ✔
D) Rocks
Trees prevent soil erosion by:
A) Leaves
B) Flowers
C) Roots ✔
D) Fruits
Afforestation means:
A) Cutting trees
B) Planting trees ✔
C) Burning forests
D) Mining
Reforestation means:
A) New planting
B) Replanting trees ✔
C) Removing plants
D) Cleaning forests
Migration means:
A) Sleeping
B) Movement of animals ✔
C) Eating
D) Playing
Animals migrate for:
A) Fun
B) Climate ✔
C) Games
D) Decoration
Forests help in:
A) Pollution
B) Rainfall ✔
C) Noise
D) Heat
Deforestation causes:
A) Floods ✔
B) Happiness
C) Cool climate
D) More trees
Chipko movement started in:
A) Delhi
B) Uttarakhand ✔
C) Punjab
D) Kerala
Main aim of Chipko movement:
A) Cut trees
B) Save trees ✔
C) Sell trees
D) Burn trees
Biosphere reserve protects:
A) Only animals
B) Only plants
C) Whole ecosystem ✔
D) Only water
Core zone allows:
A) All activities
B) No human activity ✔
C) Farming
D) Grazing
Buffer zone allows:
A) Limited activities ✔
B) No activity
C) Only houses
D) Factories
Transition zone allows:
A) No activity
B) Human settlement ✔
C) Only animals
D) Only trees
Global warming is caused by:
A) Less heat
B) More CO₂ ✔
C) Less trees
D) Both B & C ✔
Recycling saves:
A) Water
B) Trees
C) Energy
D) All ✔
Paper is made from:
A) Plastic
B) Trees ✔
C) Iron
D) Water
Overgrazing leads to:
A) More plants
B) Soil erosion ✔
C) Rainfall
D) Clean air
Wildlife protection act is for:
A) Humans
B) Animals ✔
C) Buildings
D) Roads
Desertification means:
A) Green land
B) Fertile land
C) Land becoming desert ✔
D) Rainfall

🔹 Section B: Moderate MCQs (31–60)

Forests act as:
A) Carbon sink ✔
B) Oxygen sink
C) Water source
D) Heat source
CO₂ is absorbed by:
A) Animals
B) Trees ✔
C) Soil
D) Water
Which is endangered?
A) Dog
B) Tiger ✔
C) Cow
D) Goat
Which is extinct?
A) Elephant
B) Dodo ✔
C) Tiger
D) Lion
Main cause of biodiversity loss:
A) Farming
B) Deforestation ✔
C) Rain
D) Sunlight
Rainfall depends on:
A) Trees ✔
B) Roads
C) Buildings
D) Cars
National parks do not allow:
A) Tourism
B) Hunting ✔
C) Protection
D) Animals
Sanctuary allows:
A) Limited human activity ✔
B) No animals
C) Only hunting
D) No protection
Which is endemic?
A) Tiger
B) Nilgiri Tahr ✔
C) Dog
D) Cat
Migration occurs in:
A) Plants
B) Animals ✔
C) Rocks
D) Soil
Floods occur due to:
A) Trees
B) Deforestation ✔
C) Cold
D) Snow
Soil fertility depends on:
A) Water
B) Topsoil ✔
C) Rocks
D) Sand
Which is not a cause of deforestation?
A) Farming
B) Urbanization
C) Plantation ✔
D) Mining
Forest fires cause:
A) Growth
B) Destruction ✔
C) Rain
D) Cool weather
Recycle means:
A) Use again ✔
B) Throw
C) Burn
D) Destroy
3Rs stand for:
A) Reduce Reuse Recycle ✔
B) Run Rest Read
C) Rise Run Ride
D) Read Write Speak
Paper recycling reduces:
A) Trees cutting ✔
B) Rainfall
C) Soil
D) Heat
Core zone is:
A) Protected ✔
B) Open
C) Farming
D) Industry
Buffer zone is:
A) Protected ✔
B) Destroyed
C) Industrial
D) Desert
Transition zone is:
A) Protected
B) Human area ✔
C) Forest
D) Water
Which helps in conservation?
A) Planting trees ✔
B) Cutting trees
C) Burning forests
D) Pollution
Which is non-renewable?
A) Trees
B) Coal ✔
C) Water
D) Air
Habitat means:
A) Food
B) Home ✔
C) Water
D) Air
Loss of habitat causes:
A) Growth
B) Extinction ✔
C) Rain
D) Cool weather
Poaching means:
A) Protection
B) Illegal hunting ✔
C) Farming
D) Planting
Forests provide:
A) Oxygen ✔
B) CO₂
C) Smoke
D) Dust
Desertification occurs due to:
A) Trees
B) Soil erosion ✔
C) Rain
D) Snow
Which organization maintains Red Data Book?
A) WHO
B) IUCN ✔
C) UNO
D) NASA
Afforestation helps:
A) Environment ✔
B) Pollution
C) Heat
D) Dust
Wildlife conservation prevents:
A) Growth
B) Extinction ✔
C) Rain
D) Soil

🔹 Section C: Higher Order MCQs (61–80)

If trees decrease, rainfall will:
A) Increase
B) Decrease ✔
C) Stay same
D) Stop
Cutting forests affects:
A) Animals ✔
B) Plants ✔
C) Humans ✔
D) All ✔
Soil erosion leads to:
A) Fertility
B) Infertility ✔
C) Growth
D) Rain
Which is best method to save forests?
A) Cutting
B) Plantation ✔
C) Burning
D) Mining
Which activity harms wildlife?
A) Conservation
B) Poaching ✔
C) Protection
D) Plantation
Ecosystem balance depends on:
A) Only animals
B) Only plants
C) Both ✔
D) None
Red Data Book helps in:
A) Cooking
B) Conservation ✔
C) Painting
D) Farming
Migration helps animals to:
A) Survive ✔
B) Play
C) Sleep
D) Hide
Deforestation increases:
A) Oxygen
B) CO₂ ✔
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen
Which is sustainable practice?
A) Recycling ✔
B) Burning
C) Cutting
D) Mining
Which reduces global warming?
A) Trees ✔
B) Smoke
C) Dust
D) Heat
Forests control:
A) Temperature ✔
B) Sound
C) Light
D) Speed
Wildlife sanctuary protects:
A) Only animals ✔
B) Only plants
C) Only water
D) Only soil
National parks protect:
A) Ecosystem ✔
B) Only humans
C) Only roads
D) Only industries
Endangered species need:
A) Protection ✔
B) Hunting
C) Selling
D) Ignoring
Which is example of conservation?
A) Plant trees ✔
B) Cut trees
C) Burn forests
D) Pollute
Deforestation leads to:
A) Floods ✔
B) Drought ✔
C) Climate change ✔
D) All ✔
Biosphere reserves include:
A) Plants ✔
B) Animals ✔
C) Humans ✔
D) All ✔
Which is correct?
A) Trees increase CO₂
B) Trees decrease CO₂ ✔
C) Trees produce pollution
D) Trees destroy soil
Conservation is necessary for:
A) Present
B) Future
C) Both ✔
D) None

Here are 10 Case Study Questions from

🌿 Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals (Class 8 Science)

Each case study includes a short passage followed by questions (MCQs / short answers)—useful for exams.

📝 Case Study Questions (1–10)

📘 Case Study 1: Deforestation Impact

A village near a forest started cutting trees for farming and construction. After a few years, rainfall decreased, soil became infertile, and nearby rivers started drying.

Questions:

What is the main cause of the problem?
A) Afforestation
B) Deforestation ✔
C) Irrigation
D) Rainfall
What is the effect on soil?
👉 Soil erosion / loss of fertility
Why did rainfall decrease?
👉 Due to less transpiration from trees
Name one solution.
👉 Afforestation

📘 Case Study 2: Wildlife Protection

A national park was created to protect animals like tigers and elephants. Hunting and grazing were strictly banned.

Questions:

What type of area is this?
A) Wildlife sanctuary
B) National park ✔
C) Zoo
D) Farm
Why is hunting banned?
👉 To protect endangered animals
Name one benefit of national parks.
👉 Conservation of biodiversity
Which animal is endangered?
👉 Tiger

📘 Case Study 3: Chipko Movement

In a hill village, people hugged trees to prevent them from being cut by contractors.

Questions:

What is this movement called?
👉 Chipko Movement
What was its main aim?
👉 To save trees
Where did it start?
👉 Uttarakhand
What value does it show?
👉 Environmental awareness

📘 Case Study 4: Endangered Species

A certain animal species is decreasing rapidly due to hunting and habitat loss. It is listed in the Red Data Book.

Questions:

What type of species is this?
A) Extinct
B) Endangered ✔
C) Common
D) Domestic
What is the Red Data Book?
👉 A record of endangered species
Give one example.
👉 Tiger / Elephant
Main cause of decline?
👉 Poaching / habitat destruction

📘 Case Study 5: Migration of Birds

Every winter, birds fly from cold countries to warmer regions in search of food and suitable climate.

Questions:

What is this movement called?
👉 Migration
Why do birds migrate?
👉 Climate and food availability
Name one migratory bird.
👉 Siberian crane
When do they return?
👉 When weather becomes suitable

📘 Case Study 6: Biosphere Reserve

A large forest area is divided into core, buffer, and transition zones to balance conservation and human needs.

Questions:

What is this area called?
👉 Biosphere reserve
Which zone has no human activity?
👉 Core zone
Where can people live?
👉 Transition zone
Purpose of buffer zone?
👉 Limited activities like research

📘 Case Study 7: Soil Erosion

After cutting trees on a hill, heavy rain washed away the topsoil, making the land infertile.

Questions:

What is this process called?
👉 Soil erosion
Why did it happen?
👉 Lack of tree roots
What is lost?
👉 Fertile topsoil
Prevention method?
👉 Planting trees

📘 Case Study 8: Recycling Paper

A school started collecting waste paper and sending it for recycling to save trees.

Questions:

What process is used here?
👉 Recycling
Why is it important?
👉 Saves trees and energy
Which resource is conserved?
👉 Forests
Which principle is followed?
👉 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)

📘 Case Study 9: Desertification

In a region, overgrazing and deforestation turned fertile land into dry desert-like land.

Questions:

What is this process called?
👉 Desertification
Main causes?
👉 Overgrazing and deforestation
Effect on agriculture?
👉 Crop failure
Prevention?
👉 Controlled grazing and planting trees

📘 Case Study 10: Global Warming

Due to increased cutting of forests, carbon dioxide levels increased, leading to rising temperatures.

Questions:

What is this effect called?
👉 Global warming
Which gas is responsible?
👉 Carbon dioxide
Why do trees help?
👉 They absorb CO₂
One solution?
👉 Afforestation

Here are 20 Short Answer Questions and 20 Long Answer Questions from

🌿 Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals (Class 8 Science)

✍️ Section A: 20 Short Answer Questions (2–3 Marks)

Define deforestation.
👉 Deforestation is the large-scale cutting of trees and forests.
Give two causes of deforestation.
👉 Agriculture and urbanization.
What is soil erosion?
👉 Removal of the top fertile layer of soil by wind or water.
How do trees help in preventing soil erosion?
👉 Their roots bind the soil and prevent it from being washed away.
What is conservation?
👉 Protection and proper use of natural resources.
Define wildlife sanctuary.
👉 A protected area where animals are conserved and limited human activity is allowed.
What is a national park?
👉 A protected area for conserving plants and animals with strict restrictions.
What is a biosphere reserve?
👉 A large protected area conserving biodiversity along with human activities.
What are endangered species?
👉 Species that are at risk of extinction.
Give two examples of endangered animals.
👉 Tiger and elephant.
What are extinct species?
👉 Species that no longer exist on Earth.
What are endemic species?
👉 Species found only in a particular region.
What is the Red Data Book?
👉 A book containing records of endangered species.
What is migration?
👉 Seasonal movement of animals from one place to another.
Why do animals migrate?
👉 For food, breeding, and suitable climate.
What is afforestation?
👉 Planting trees on new land.
What is reforestation?
👉 Replanting trees in deforested areas.
What is desertification?
👉 Conversion of fertile land into desert.
What are the 3Rs?
👉 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
Why is recycling important?
👉 It saves resources, energy, and reduces deforestation.

📝 Section B: 20 Long Answer Questions (4–6 Marks)

1. Explain deforestation and its causes.

👉 Deforestation is the clearing of forests on a large scale. It is caused by agriculture, urbanization, industrialization, mining, and overgrazing. Trees are cut for wood, land, and development.

2. Describe the effects of deforestation.

👉 It causes soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, global warming, reduced rainfall, floods, and desertification.

3. Explain how deforestation leads to global warming.

👉 Trees absorb CO₂. When they are cut, CO₂ increases, trapping heat in the atmosphere and raising Earth’s temperature.

4. Explain the role of forests in the water cycle.

👉 Trees release water vapour through transpiration, helping in cloud formation and rainfall.

5. Describe soil erosion and its prevention.

👉 Soil erosion is the loss of topsoil. It can be prevented by planting trees, avoiding deforestation, and controlling grazing.

6. Explain the importance of conservation of plants and animals.

👉 It maintains ecological balance, protects biodiversity, and ensures resources for future generations.

7. Differentiate between wildlife sanctuary and national park.

👉 Sanctuary allows limited human activity, while national parks have strict protection with no human interference.

8. Explain biosphere reserves and their zones.

👉 Biosphere reserves protect biodiversity and have three zones:

Core (no activity)
Buffer (limited activity)
Transition (human activity allowed)

9. What are endangered, extinct, and endemic species?

👉 Endangered: at risk (tiger)
Extinct: no longer exist (dodo)
Endemic: found in one place (Nilgiri Tahr)

10. What is the Red Data Book and its importance?

👉 It records endangered species and helps in conservation planning.

11. Explain migration with reasons.

👉 Migration is seasonal movement for food, climate, and breeding.

12. Explain afforestation and reforestation.

👉 Afforestation is planting new trees; reforestation is replanting trees in cleared areas.

13. What is desertification and its causes?

👉 It is conversion of fertile land into desert due to deforestation, overgrazing, and soil erosion.

14. Explain the Chipko Movement.

👉 A movement where people hugged trees to prevent cutting, started in Uttarakhand.

15. Describe the role of government in conservation.

👉 Laws, protected areas, wildlife protection acts, and awareness programs.

16. Explain the importance of recycling paper.

👉 Saves trees, reduces pollution, and conserves energy.

17. What are the effects of habitat destruction?

👉 Loss of species, extinction, imbalance in ecosystem.

18. Explain how forests help in maintaining ecological balance.

👉 Forests regulate climate, provide oxygen, support wildlife, and maintain food chains.

19. Describe the 3Rs principle.

👉 Reduce (use less), Reuse (use again), Recycle (convert waste into new products).

20. What role can students play in conservation?

👉 Plant trees, save paper, reduce waste, spread awareness, protect environment?

Here is a Complete 80 Marks Question Paper for

🌿 Class 8 Science – Chapter 7: Conservation of Plants and Animals

📝 Question Paper (80 Marks)

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80

🔹 Section A – MCQs (20 × 1 = 20 Marks)

Choose the correct option:

Deforestation means:
A) Planting trees
B) Cutting trees
C) Watering plants
D) Growing crops
Forests help in:
A) Pollution
B) Rainfall
C) Noise
D) Heat
Soil erosion is removal of:
A) Rocks
B) Topsoil
C) Sand
D) Water
Endangered species are:
A) Safe
B) At risk of extinction
C) Common
D) Domestic
Red Data Book contains:
A) Stories
B) Maps
C) Endangered species
D) Poems
Migration means:
A) Sleeping
B) Movement of animals
C) Eating
D) Playing
Afforestation means:
A) Cutting trees
B) Planting trees
C) Burning forests
D) Mining
Desertification means:
A) Green land
B) Fertile land
C) Land becoming desert
D) Rainfall
National park protects:
A) Only animals
B) Only plants
C) Both plants and animals
D) Only humans
Chipko movement is related to:
A) Cutting trees
B) Saving trees
C) Mining
D) Farming
Which gas increases due to deforestation?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Hydrogen
Wildlife sanctuary is for:
A) Humans
B) Animals
C) Buildings
D) Factories
Which is extinct?
A) Tiger
B) Elephant
C) Dodo
D) Dog
Trees prevent:
A) Rain
B) Soil erosion
C) Heat
D) Wind
3Rs stand for:
A) Run Read Rest
B) Reduce Reuse Recycle
C) Read Write Speak
D) Rise Run Ride
Biosphere reserve protects:
A) Only animals
B) Only plants
C) Ecosystem
D) Water
Core zone allows:
A) Farming
B) Hunting
C) No human activity
D) Tourism
Poaching means:
A) Protection
B) Illegal hunting
C) Farming
D) Planting
Forests provide:
A) Oxygen
B) CO₂
C) Smoke
D) Dust
Conservation means:
A) Destruction
B) Protection
C) Selling
D) Ignoring